GlyCosmos Portal

Table Filtering

GlyTouCan ID

IUPAC Condensed

Motifs

Subsumption Level

Monoisotopic Mass

Organisms

Taxonomy IDs

Tissues

Display
results per page.

Clear

Submissions

GlyCosmos Glycans

The list of validated glycans extracted from GlyTouCan, updated weekly.

Source	Last Updated
GlyTouCan	August 18, 2024

Displaying entries **1276 - 1300** of **5831** in total

« First

‹ Prev

…

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

…

Next ›

Last »
GlyTouCan ID	IUPAC Condensed ▲	Motifs	Subsumption Level	Monoisotopic Mass	Organisms
G32371XG	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1991.75	Amniota Articulavirales Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Insthoviricetes Mammalia Metazoa Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Orthomyxoviridae Orthornavirae Polyploviricotina Primates Riboviria Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unidentified influenza virus
G98132BH	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-2/6)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1989.73	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G73302KW	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2208.8	Amniota Archelosauria Archosauria Artiodactyla Aves Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Deuterostomia Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Galliformes Galloanserae Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Meleagridinae Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris Metazoa Neognathae Opisthokonta Pecora Phasianidae Primates Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Theropoda Vertebrata cellular organisms
G28659UB	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2208.8	Amniota Archelosauria Archosauria Aves Batoidea Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chondrichthyes Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Deuterostomia Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Elasmobranchii Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Galliformes Galloanserae Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Meleagridinae Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Neognathae Opisthokonta Phasianidae Primates Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Theropoda Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Vertebrata cellular organisms
G74645FT	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2208.8	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G16293AI	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2210.82	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Primates Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G56791SN	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2354.86	Amniota Artiodactyla Artverviricota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Equidae Equus caballus Equus Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Filoviridae Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Haploviricotina Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Human immunodeficiency virus Laurasiatheria Lentivirus Mammalia Metazoa Monjiviricetes Mononegavirales Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthomarburgvirus marburgense Orthomarburgvirus Orthoretrovirinae Orthornavirae Pararnavirae Pecora Perissodactyla Primate lentivirus group Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Riboviria Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Primate lentivirus group
G95898GD	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2354.86	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G83433HW	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2356.88	Amniota Artverviricota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Equidae Equus caballus Equus Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Filoviridae Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Haploviricotina Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Human immunodeficiency virus Laurasiatheria Lentivirus Mammalia Marburgvirus Metazoa Monjiviricetes Mononegavirales Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthoretrovirinae Orthornavirae Pararnavirae Perissodactyla Primate lentivirus group Primates Rattus Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Riboviria Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Primate lentivirus group
G75412QZ	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2573.94	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G43131ZX	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2719.99	Amniota Artiodactyla Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Laurasiatheria Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Pecora Primates Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G61792ET	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-?)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1989.73	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G82007MU	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(?1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1640.59	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G82945RR	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(?1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1640.59	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G15777ZX	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(?1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1786.65	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G59655FF	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(?1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1786.65	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G63170HT	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1640.59	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G99622IJ	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1640.59	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G43664YB	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1640.59	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G70246WA	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1786.65	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03740OH	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1786.65	Amniota Articulavirales Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Insthoviricetes Mammalia Metazoa Muroidea Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Orthomyxoviridae Orthornavirae Polyploviricotina Primates Riboviria Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unclassified entries unclassified sequences unidentified influenza virus unidentified
G52428MJ	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1786.65	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G79578JB	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex Polysialic acid	Linkage defined saccharide	2296.82	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G16873YG	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	I' antigen N-Glycan complex Polysialic acid Type 2 LN2	Linkage defined saccharide	3464.24	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Primates Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G40194MN	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex Polysialic acid	Linkage defined saccharide	3099.11	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Primates Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms