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GlyCosmos Glycans

The list of validated glycans extracted from GlyTouCan, updated weekly.

Source	Last Updated
GlyTouCan	August 18, 2024

Displaying entries **1 - 25** of 55 in total

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GlyTouCan ID ▼	IUPAC Condensed	Motifs	Subsumption Level	Monoisotopic Mass	Organisms
G95589FK	Man(a1-6)Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(?1-		Linkage defined saccharide	894.33	Aculeata Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ambrosia trifida Ambrosia Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Asteraceae Asterales Asteroideae BOP clade Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Embryophyta Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphyllophyta Gunneridae Heliantheae alliance Heliantheae Hexapoda Hordeinae Hymenoptera Insecta Liliopsida Loliinae Loliodinae Lolium perenne Lolium Magnoliopsida Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pentapetalae Petrosaviidae Poa pratensis Poa Poaceae Poales Poeae Chloroplast Group 2 (Poeae type) Poeae Poinae Poodae Poodinae Pooideae Protostomia Pterygota Secale cereale Secale Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Tracheophyta Triticeae Triticodae Viridiplantae asterids campanulids cellular organisms commelinids eudicotyledons
G92744WH	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-3)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1074.4	Acalypheae Acalyphoideae Acer pseudoplatanus Acer Acereae Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Embryophyta Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphorbiaceae Euphyllophyta Gunneridae Hexapoda Hippocastanoideae Hymenoptera Insecta Magnoliopsida Malpighiales Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pentapetalae Platanaceae Platanus Proteales Protostomia Pterygota Ricinus communis Ricinus Sapindaceae Sapindales Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Tracheophyta Viridiplantae cellular organisms eudicotyledons fabids malvids rosids
G92612ZM	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1056.39	Acalypheae Acalyphoideae Aculeata Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior Ambrosia artemisiifolia Ambrosia trifida Ambrosia Amphiesmenoptera Amphipyrinae Amygdaleae Amygdaloideae Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Asteraceae Asterales Asteroideae Bilateria Chloridoideae Cynodon dactylon Cynodon Cynodonteae Dicondylia Ditrysia Ecdysozoa Eleusininae Embryophyta Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphorbiaceae Euphyllophyta Glossata Gunneridae Hadeninae Heliantheae alliance Heliantheae Heteroneura Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Lepidoptera Liliopsida Magnoliopsida Malpighiales Mamestra brassicae Mamestra Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Metazoa Neolepidoptera Neoptera Noctuidae Noctuoidea Obtectomera Opisthokonta PACMAD clade Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pentapetalae Petrosaviidae Poaceae Poales Protostomia Prunus dulcis Prunus Pterygota Ricinus communis Ricinus Rosaceae Rosales Solanaceae Solanales Solaneae Solanoideae Solanum lycopersicum Solanum subgen. Lycopersicon Solanum Spermatophyta Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera Streptophyta Streptophytina Tracheophyta Viridiplantae asterids campanulids cellular organisms commelinids eudicotyledons fabids lamiids rosids
G87773EB	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	Fucosylated LDN LDNF N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1462.54	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G84692YW	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	Fucosylated LDN LDNF N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1608.6	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G82725FS	Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(?1-		Linkage defined saccharide	732.28	Aculeata Androctonus australis Androctonus Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arachnida Arthropoda Bilateria Buthida Buthidae Buthoidea Chelicerata Chloridoideae Cynodon dactylon Cynodon Cynodonteae Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Eleusininae Embryophyta Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphyllophyta Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Liliopsida Magnoliopsida Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta PACMAD clade Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Petrosaviidae Poaceae Poales Protostomia Pterygota Scorpiones Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Tracheophyta Viridiplantae cellular organisms commelinids
G80019MD	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc	Fucosylated LDN LDNF N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1462.54	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G79643VQ	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(?1-	Fucosylated LDN LDNF N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1608.6	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G79499QH	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1218.44	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G77712UR	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1058.4	Aculeata Amniota Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Artiodactyla Artverviricota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Human immunodeficiency virus 2 Hymenoptera Insecta Laurasiatheria Lentivirus Mammalia Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthoretrovirinae Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pararnavirae Pecora Primates Protostomia Pterygota Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Riboviria Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms
G77479VH	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)][Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1202.44	Aculeata Amphiesmenoptera Amphipyrinae Androctonus australis Androctonus Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arachnida Arthropoda Bilateria Bombycidae Bombycinae Bombycoidea Bombyx mori Bombyx Buthida Buthidae Buthoidea Chelicerata Dicondylia Ditrysia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Glossata Hadeninae Heteroneura Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Lepidoptera Mamestra brassicae Mamestra Mandibulata Metazoa Neolepidoptera Neoptera Noctuidae Noctuoidea Obtectomera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Plusiinae Protostomia Pterygota Scorpiones Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera Trichoplusia ni Trichoplusia cellular organisms
G74950YA	Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)][Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	880.35	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G73915OF	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1218.44	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G66257KQ	Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1884.66	50 kb inversion clade Acalyptratae Aculeata Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae Alphainfluenzavirus Amniota Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Articulavirales Artiodactyla Artverviricota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bovidae Brachycera Caprinae Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Cyclorrhapha Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Diptera Discoba Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila Drosophilidae Drosophilinae Drosophilini Ecdysozoa Embryophyta Endopterygota Ephydroidea Eremoneura Euarchontoglires Euglenozoa Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphyllophyta Euteleostomi Eutheria Fabaceae Fabales Fabeae Glires Glycine max Glycine subgen. Soja Glycine Gnathostomata Gunneridae Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hologalegina Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Human immunodeficiency virus Hymenoptera IRL clade Influenza A virus Insecta Insthoviricetes Kinetoplastea Laurasiatheria Lens culinaris Lens Lentivirus Magnoliopsida Mammalia Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Metakinetoplastina Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Muscomorpha Myomorpha NPAAA clade Negarnaviricota Neoptera Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthomyxoviridae Orthoretrovirinae Orthornavirae Ovis aries Ovis Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Papilionoideae Pararnavirae Pecora Pentapetalae Phaseoleae Phaseolus coccineus Phaseolus lunatus Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus Polyploviricotina Primate lentivirus group Primates Protostomia Pterygota Rattus Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Riboviria Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Schizophora Simiiformes Sophophora Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Tracheophyta Trypanosoma brucei Trypanosoma Trypanosomatida Trypanosomatidae Trypanozoon Vertebrata Viridiplantae Viruses cellular organisms eudicotyledons fabids indigoferoid/millettioid clade melanogaster group melanogaster subgroup rosids unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unclassified Primate lentivirus group unidentified influenza virus
G63699VG	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)][Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1202.44	Aculeata Amphiesmenoptera Amphipyrinae Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Bombycidae Bombycinae Bombycoidea Bombyx mori Bombyx Dicondylia Ditrysia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Glossata Hadeninae Heteroneura Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Lepidoptera Mamestra brassicae Mamestra Mandibulata Metazoa Neolepidoptera Neoptera Noctuidae Noctuoidea Obtectomera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera cellular organisms
G62167DK	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	912.34	Aculeata Amniota Anas platyrhynchos Anas Anatidae Anatinae Anseriformes Anthophila Apidae Apocrita Apoidea Archelosauria Archosauria Arthropoda Artiodactyla Aves Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Catarrhini Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Galliformes Galloanserae Gallus gallus Gallus Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Hymenoptera Insecta Laurasiatheria Mammalia Mandibulata Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Neognathae Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pecora Phasianidae Phasianinae Primates Protostomia Pterygota Rattus Rodentia Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Simiiformes Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Theropoda Vertebrata cellular organisms
G61435AF	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)][Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	Fucosylated LDN LDNF N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1754.66	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G59946TO	Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	734.3	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G59684TJ	Man(a1-6)Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)][Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1042.41	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G59039FQ	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc-ol	Fucosylated LDN LDNF	Linkage defined saccharide	1610.62	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G57311FK	Man(a1-3)Man(a1-6)Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-		Linkage defined saccharide	910.33	Aculeata Amniota Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Archelosauria Archosauria Arthropoda Artiodactyla Aves Bilateria Boreoeutheria Bovidae Brassicales Caprinae Carica papaya Carica Caricaceae Carnivora Catarrhini Chelicerata Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Ecdysozoa Embryophyta Endopterygota Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euphyllophyta Euteleostomi Eutheria Felidae Feliformia Felinae Felis catus Felis Galliformes Galloanserae Gallus gallus Gallus Gnathostomata Gunneridae Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Hymenoptera Insecta Laurasiatheria Limulidae Limulus polyphemus Limulus Magnoliopsida Mammalia Mandibulata Merostomata Mesangiospermae Metazoa Neognathae Neoptera Opisthokonta Ovis aries Ovis Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pecora Pentapetalae Phasianidae Phasianinae Primates Protostomia Pterygota Ruminantia Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Simiiformes Spermatophyta Streptophyta Streptophytina Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Theropoda Tracheophyta Vertebrata Viridiplantae Xiphosura cellular organisms eudicotyledons malvids rosids unclassified entries unclassified sequences unidentified
G53899GT	Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(b1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	1396.49	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G52080EW	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1058.4	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G48902RK	GalNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol	Fucosylated LDN LDNF	Linkage defined saccharide	1464.56	Aculeata Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Bilateria Dicondylia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Eukaryota Eumetazoa Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Mandibulata Metazoa Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Protostomia Pterygota cellular organisms
G47829CW	Man(a1-6)Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc		Linkage defined saccharide	894.33	Aculeata Amniota Amphiesmenoptera Amphipyrinae Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Arthropoda Artiodactyla Bilateria Bombycidae Bombycinae Bombycoidea Bombyx mori Bombyx Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Ditrysia Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glossata Gnathostomata Hadeninae Haplorrhini Heteroneura Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Hymenoptera Insecta Laurasiatheria Lepidoptera Mamestra brassicae Mamestra Mammalia Mandibulata Metazoa Neolepidoptera Neoptera Noctuidae Noctuoidea Obtectomera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Primates Protostomia Pterygota Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms