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Guidelines

MIRAGE

tubulin beta 4B class IVb

Summary

Gene Symbol

TUBB4B

Organism

Homo sapiens (human)

External Links

NCBI Gene

10383

PubChem

10383

Alliance of Genome Resources

HGNC:20771

Annotation

Keyword

3D-structure
Acetylation
Cytoskeleton
Deafness
Disease variant
Flagellum
GTP-binding
Isopeptide bond
Leber congenital amaurosis
Magnesium
Metal-binding
Microtubule
Phosphoprotein
Proteomics identification
Reference proteome

Proteins

Displaying 1 entry
UniProt	Protein Name
P68371	Tubulin beta-2 chain Tubulin beta-2C chain

Annotation information from UniProt.

Gene Ontology (GO)

Displaying **all 4** entries
GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
microtubule cytoskeleton organization	IBA
mitotic cell cycle	IBA
flagellated sperm motility	IEA
natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	NAS	11120798

GO Hierarchy

biological process

immune system process [inference]

immune effector process [inference]

leukocyte mediated immunity [inference]

leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

lymphocyte mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

immune response [inference]

innate immune response [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

cellular process [inference]

cell killing [inference]

leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

microtubule-based process [inference]

microtubule cytoskeleton organization

microtubule-based movement [inference]

cilium movement [inference]

cilium movement involved in cell motility [inference]

flagellated sperm motility

cell cycle [inference]

mitotic cell cycle

cell motility [inference]

cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility [inference]

cilium-dependent cell motility [inference]

flagellated sperm motility

sperm motility [inference]

flagellated sperm motility

cellular component organization or biogenesis [inference]

cellular component organization [inference]

organelle organization [inference]

cytoskeleton organization [inference]

microtubule cytoskeleton organization

reproductive process [inference]

sperm motility [inference]

flagellated sperm motility

biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms [inference]

response to other organism [inference]

defense response to other organism [inference]

innate immune response [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

response to stimulus [inference]

response to stress [inference]

defense response [inference]

defense response to other organism [inference]

innate immune response [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

immune response [inference]

innate immune response [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

response to external stimulus [inference]

response to external biotic stimulus [inference]

response to other organism [inference]

defense response to other organism [inference]

innate immune response [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

response to biotic stimulus [inference]

response to external biotic stimulus [inference]

response to other organism [inference]

defense response to other organism [inference]

innate immune response [inference]

natural killer cell mediated immunity [inference]

natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

Displaying entries **1 - 5** of 15 in total

1

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3

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GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
extracellular region	TAS
nucleus	HDA	21630459
cytoplasm	IBA
cytosol	TAS
cytoskeleton	TAS	16130169

GO Hierarchy

cellular component

cellular anatomical entity [inference]

membrane-enclosed lumen [inference]

organelle lumen [inference]

vesicle lumen [inference]

cytoplasmic vesicle lumen [inference]

secretory granule lumen [inference]

azurophil granule lumen

intracellular organelle lumen [inference]

vacuolar lumen [inference]

azurophil granule lumen

cytoplasmic vesicle lumen [inference]

secretory granule lumen [inference]

azurophil granule lumen

cell projection [inference]

plasma membrane bounded cell projection [inference]

cilium [inference]

motile cilium [inference]

9+2 motile cilium [inference]

sperm flagellum

organelle [inference]

membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

cilium [inference]

motile cilium [inference]

9+2 motile cilium [inference]

sperm flagellum

vesicle [inference]

extracellular vesicle

extracellular exosome

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

nucleus

extracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

extracellular vesicle

extracellular exosome

non-membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

spindle [inference]

mitotic spindle

microtubule cytoskeleton

intracellular organelle [inference]

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

nucleus

intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

spindle [inference]

mitotic spindle

microtubule cytoskeleton

extracellular organelle [inference]

extracellular membrane-bounded organelle [inference]

extracellular vesicle

extracellular exosome

intercellular bridge

supramolecular complex [inference]

supramolecular polymer [inference]

supramolecular fiber [inference]

polymeric cytoskeletal fiber [inference]

cytoplasmic microtubule [inference]

axonemal microtubule

Displaying entries **1 - 5** of 8 in total

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GO Term	Evidence Code	PMID
double-stranded RNA binding	IDA	21266579
GTPase activity	IEA
structural constituent of cytoskeleton	IBA
protein binding	IPI	24275654 31046837
GTP binding	IBA

GO Hierarchy

molecular function

catalytic activity [inference]

hydrolase activity [inference]

hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides [inference]

hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides [inference]

pyrophosphatase activity [inference]

ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity [inference]

GTPase activity

structural molecule activity [inference]

structural constituent of cytoskeleton

binding [inference]

protein binding

signaling receptor binding [inference]

MHC protein binding [inference]

MHC class I protein binding

unfolded protein binding

small molecule binding [inference]

heterocyclic compound binding [inference]

nucleotide binding [inference]

purine nucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl nucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

purine ribonucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

ribonucleotide binding [inference]

purine ribonucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

ion binding [inference]

anion binding [inference]

purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding [inference]

GTP binding

cation binding [inference]

metal ion binding

organic cyclic compound binding [inference]

nucleic acid binding [inference]

RNA binding [inference]

double-stranded RNA binding

nucleoside phosphate binding [inference]

nucleotide binding [inference]

purine nucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl nucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

purine ribonucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

ribonucleotide binding [inference]

purine ribonucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding [inference]

GTP binding

carbohydrate derivative binding [inference]

ribonucleotide binding [inference]

purine ribonucleotide binding [inference]

guanyl ribonucleotide binding [inference]

GTP binding

Gene Ontology information from NCBI Gene and UniProt.

OrthoDB (Group)

Group level

Eukaryota

Group Name

beta

Functional Category

D: Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning
M: Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis
T: Signal transduction mechanisms

Displaying **all 6** entries
Gene Ontology
GTP binding
cytoskeleton organization
microtubule cytoskeleton organization
microtubule-based process
nucleotide binding
structural constituent of cytoskeleton

Displaying **all 8** entries
InterPro
Tubulin, C-terminal
Tubulin, conserved site
Tubulin/FtsZ, 2-layer sandwich domain
Tubulin/FtsZ, C-terminal
Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain superfamily
Tubulin/FtsZ, GTPase domain
Tubulin/FtsZ-like, C-terminal domain
Tubulin

Disease

Disease Ontology

Displaying 1 entry
DO ID	Disease Name	Source
DOID:0112240	Leber congenital amaurosis with early-onset deafness	Alliance of Genome Resources

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GlyCosmos is a member of the GlySpace Alliance together with GlyGen and Glycomics@ExPASy.

Acknowledgements

Supported by JST NBDC Grant Number JPMJND2204

Partly supported by NIH Common Fund Grant #1U01GM125267-01

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Last updated: December 8, 2025