GlyCosmos Portal

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GlyCosmos Glycans

The list of validated glycans extracted from GlyTouCan, updated weekly.

Source	Last Updated
GlyTouCan	August 18, 2024

Displaying entries **276 - 300** of **5831** in total

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GlyTouCan ID ▲	IUPAC Condensed	Motifs	Subsumption Level	Monoisotopic Mass	Organisms
G03605BS	GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc-ol		Linkage defined saccharide	1585.59	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03622KA			Glycosidic topology	3519.12	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03652TR	Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan high mannose	Linkage defined saccharide	1234.43	50 kb inversion clade Abreae Abrus precatorius Abrus Acalypheae Acalyphoideae Acalyptratae Acer pseudoplatanus Acer Acereae Achelata Aculeata Aesculus hippocastanum Aesculus Alpharhabdovirinae Amniota Amphiesmenoptera Amphipyrinae Anthemideae Anthophila Apidae Apinae Apini Apis mellifera Apis Apocrita Apoidea Archelosauria Archosauria Artemisia vulgaris Artemisia Artemisiinae Arthropoda Articulavirales Artiodactyla Artverviricota Ascomycota Aspergillaceae Aspergillus niger Aspergillus phoenicis Aspergillus subgen. Circumdati Aspergillus Asteraceae Asterales Asteroideae Aves BOP clade Bacteria Batoidea Betulaceae Bilateria Bombycidae Bombycinae Bombycoidea Bombyx mori Bombyx Boreoeutheria Bos taurus Bos Bovidae Bovinae Brachycera Brassicales Caprinae Carica papaya Carica Caricaceae Carnivora Carpinus betulus Carpinus Catarrhini Cavia porcellus Cavia Caviidae Chondrichthyes Chordata Coelurosauria Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Cricetulus griseus Cricetulus Crustacea Cyclorrhapha Decapoda Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dikarya Dinosauria Dipnotetrapodomorpha Diptera Ditrysia Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila Drosophilidae Drosophilinae Drosophilini Ecdysozoa Elasmobranchii Embryophyta Endopterygota Enterobacterales Enterobacteriaceae Ephydroidea Eremoneura Escherichia coli Escherichia Euarchontoglires Eucarida Eukaryota Eumalacostraca Eumetazoa Euphorbiaceae Euphyllophyta Eurotiales Eurotiomycetes Eurotiomycetidae Euteleostomi Eutheria Fabaceae Fabales Fabeae Fagales Felidae Feliformia Felinae Felis catus Felis Friend murine leukemia virus Fungi Galliformes Galloanserae Gallus gallus Gallus Gammaproteobacteria Gammaretrovirus Glires Glossata Glycine max Glycine subgen. Soja Glycine Gnathostomata Gunneridae Hadeninae Haplorrhini Haploviricotina Heteroneura Hexapoda Hippocastaneae Hippocastanoideae Hologalegina Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Human immunodeficiency virus Hymenoptera Hystricomorpha IRL clade Insecta Insthoviricetes Lagomorpha Laurasiatheria Lentivirus Lepidoptera Leporidae Liliopsida Magnoliopsida Malacostraca Malpighiales Mamestra brassicae Mamestra Mammalia Mandibulata Mesangiospermae Mesocricetus auratus Mesocricetus Metazoa Monjiviricetes Mononegavirales Multicrustacea Muridae Murinae Murine leukemia virus Muroidea Mus musculus Mus Mus Muscomorpha Myomorpha NPAAA clade Negarnaviricota Neognathae Neolepidoptera Neoptera Nicotiana alata Nicotiana Nicotianeae Nicotianoideae Noctuidae Noctuoidea Obtectomera Opisthokonta Ortervirales Orthomyxoviridae Orthoretrovirinae Orthornavirae Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Oryza sativa Oryza Oryzeae Oryzinae Oryzoideae Ovis aries Ovis Palinuridae Palinuroidea Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Panulirus interruptus Panulirus Papilionoideae Pararnavirae Pecora Pentapetalae Petrosaviidae Pezizomycotina Phaseoleae Phaseolus vulgaris Phaseolus Phasianidae Phasianinae Pisum sativum Pisum Pleocyemata Plusiinae Poaceae Poales Polyploviricotina Primate lentivirus group Primates Protostomia Pseudomonadota Pterygota Rattus Retroviridae Revtraviricetes Rhabdoviridae Riboviria Ricinus communis Ricinus Rodentia Ruminantia Santalales Sapindaceae Sapindales Sarcopterygii Sauria Saurischia Sauropsida Schizophora Simiiformes Solanaceae Solanales Sophophora Spermatophyta Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera Streptophyta Streptophytina Suidae Suina Sus scrofa Sus Teleostomi Tetrapoda Tetronarce californica Tetronarce Theria Theropoda Torpedinidae Torpediniformes Tracheophyta Trichoplusia ni Trichoplusia Vertebrata Vesicular stomatitis virus Vesiculovirus Viridiplantae Viruses Viscaceae Viscum album Viscum asterids campanulids cellular organisms commelinids eudicotyledons fabids indigoferoid/millettioid clade lamiids leotiomyceta malvids melanogaster group melanogaster subgroup rosids saccharomyceta unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unclassified Primate lentivirus group unclassified Vesiculovirus unclassified entries unclassified sequences unidentified influenza virus unidentified
G03674DU	GalNAc(a1-3)Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc(b1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)GalNAc(a1-	N-acetyllactosamine O-Glycan core 3 Type 1 LN Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1519.57	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03682TM	Gal(?1-?)GlcNAc(?1-?)[Gal(?1-?)GlcNAc(?1-?)]Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][GlcNAc(?1-?)Gal(?1-?)GlcNAc(?1-?)[Gal(?1-?)GlcNAc(?1-?)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic	Linkage defined saccharide	2923.07	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03706EO		N-Glycan complex Polysialic acid	Linkage defined saccharide	2879.01	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03717EM	Man(a1-?)Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-		Linkage defined saccharide	748.27	Acalyptratae Amniota Arthropoda Betacoronavirus Bilateria Boreoeutheria Brachycera Catarrhini Chordata Cornidovirineae Coronaviridae Craniata Cyclorrhapha Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Diptera Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila Drosophilidae Drosophilinae Drosophilini Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Ephydroidea Eremoneura Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Insecta Mammalia Mandibulata Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Muscomorpha Myomorpha Neoptera Nidovirales Opisthokonta Orthocoronavirinae Orthornavirae Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Pisoniviricetes Pisuviricota Primates Protostomia Pterygota Rattus norvegicus Rattus Riboviria Rodentia Sarbecovirus Sarcopterygii Schizophora Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Simiiformes Sophophora Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms melanogaster group melanogaster subgroup
G03740OH	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1786.65	Amniota Articulavirales Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cricetidae Cricetinae Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Insthoviricetes Mammalia Metazoa Muroidea Myomorpha Negarnaviricota Opisthokonta Orthomyxoviridae Orthornavirae Polyploviricotina Primates Riboviria Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata Viruses cellular organisms unclassified Orthomyxoviridae unclassified entries unclassified sequences unidentified influenza virus unidentified
G03754YM	Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex VIM-2	Linkage defined saccharide	4192.49	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03756VW	GlcNAc(b1-4)Gal(b1-	Galactosylceramide	Linkage defined saccharide	383.14	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03764XL	Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1972.71	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Lagomorpha Leporidae Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Oryctolagus cuniculus Oryctolagus Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03796EF	Fuc(a1-2)Gal(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-3)GalNAc-ol	Blood group H (type 2) Blood group H (type 2) Leb Lewis b Ley	Linkage defined saccharide	1042.41	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03834RX	Neu5Ac(a2-6)GalNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(?1-	N-Glycan core basic Sialylated LDN	Linkage defined saccharide	1607.58	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03842KQ			Glycosidic topology	1907.68	Acalyptratae Amniota Arthropoda Bilateria Boreoeutheria Brachycera Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Cyclorrhapha Deuterostomia Dicondylia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Diptera Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila Drosophilidae Drosophilinae Drosophilini Ecdysozoa Endopterygota Ephydroidea Eremoneura Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hexapoda Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Insecta Mammalia Mandibulata Metazoa Muscomorpha Neoptera Opisthokonta Panarthropoda Pancrustacea Primates Protostomia Pterygota Sarcopterygii Schizophora Simiiformes Sophophora Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms melanogaster group melanogaster subgroup
G03855TY	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc	I' antigen Type 2 LN2	Linkage defined saccharide	2167.78	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03860PZ	Gal(b1-?)GlcNAc(b1-?)Man(a1-?)[Man(a1-?)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan core basic N-acetyllactosamine Type 1 LN Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1275.46	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03889MY	Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-?)Man(a1-3)[GlcNAc(b1-4)][Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-?)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1989.73	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03895SR	Gal3S(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc(b1-	N-Glycan complex Polysialic acid	Linkage defined saccharide	2813.93	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03900NK	Gal(b1-3)[Gal(b1-3)[Fuc(a1-4)]GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]GalNAc(a1-	Lea Lewis a N-acetyllactosamine O-Glycan core 2 Type 1 LN Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1259.47	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03921DY	GalNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc	LDN LacdiNAc N-Glycan complex N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	2192.81	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03921YK	Neu5Ac(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc	Sialyl Lewis x Slex	Linkage defined saccharide	1331.49	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03930BU			Base composition with linkage	1713.63	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Glires Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Muridae Murinae Muroidea Myomorpha Opisthokonta Primates Rattus norvegicus Rattus Rodentia Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03965VN	Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc6S(b1-2/4)Man(a1-	Mannose O-Mannose	Linkage defined saccharide	625.15	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03984TW		N-Glycan complex Sialyl Lewis x Slex	Linkage defined saccharide	2264.83	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms
G03987JH	Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3/6)[GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3/6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc-ol	N-acetyllactosamine Type 2 LN	Linkage defined saccharide	1771.65	Amniota Bilateria Boreoeutheria Catarrhini Chordata Craniata Deuterostomia Dipnotetrapodomorpha Euarchontoglires Eukaryota Eumetazoa Euteleostomi Eutheria Gnathostomata Haplorrhini Hominidae Homininae Hominoidea Homo sapiens Homo Mammalia Metazoa Opisthokonta Primates Sarcopterygii Simiiformes Teleostomi Tetrapoda Theria Vertebrata cellular organisms